The Link Between Selenium Deficiency and Anxiety
In the sphere of mental health, anxiety has become a widespread and often debilitating condition that affects millions of people worldwide. While there are many factors that contribute to anxiety, recent research revealed a link between selenium deficiency and anxiety. Selenium, a trace mineral found in the soil, is essential to body’s functioning. It is a crucial component of several enzymes, including those responsible for protecting cells from oxidative damage. Additionally, selenium is vital for the proper functioning of the thyroid gland, which regulates metabolism and affects mood.
The prevalence of anxiety disorders has increased significantly in recent years. This alarming trend has been exacerbated by elements including elevated stress levels, social demands, and lifestyle adjustments. However, there is a growing evidence suggesting that selenium deficiency can also contribute to the development and exacerbation of anxiety disorders.
Selenium can be found in Brazil nuts, organ meats, seafood, grains and dairy products. Green leaf vegetables, broccoli, beans and potatoes are also sources of this mineral, however the amount of the selenium in plant-based food depends on selenium content in the soil.
Selenium deficiency can lead to variety of health problems, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, cognitive decline, inflammation and thyroid dysfunction.
Thyroid Dysfunction and Increased Risk of Anxiety
Concentration of selenium is higher in the thyroid gland than in any other organ in the body. Similarly to iodine, selenium plays an important role in thyroid hormone synthesis and metabolism. It is an essential component of enzymes involved in the conversion of inactive thyroid hormones (T4) into their active form (T3). If there is a deficiency of selenium, this process can be impeded, resulting in insufficient levels of active thyroid hormones.
In addition to being essential for metabolic processes, thyroid hormones can also severely affect mood and emotional wellbeing. Inadequate levels of T3 can lead to hypothyroidism, which is characterised by depression, fatigue, anxiety and mood swings. An underactive thyroid can result in slowing down of bodily functions leading to lethargy and heightened anxiety levels. Treating selenium deficiency is crucial for maintaining healthy thyroid function and reducing anxiety associated with thyroid dysfunction.
Selenium Deficiency and Neurotransmitters: A Link to Anxiety.
Selenium plays a crucial role in the functioning of nervous system. Two neurotransmitters involved in mood regulation are serotonin and dopamine. The production and regulation of these neurotransmitters depend heavily on selenium. Particularly, it is an important cofactor for enzymes responsible for the conversion of amino acid, tryptophan into serotonin. Serotonin is often referred to as the “feel-good” neurotransmitter because it contributes to feelings of happiness and wellbeing. Additionally, selenium is involved in metabolism of dopamine, a neurotransmitter associated with reward and motivation.
The production and regulation of serotonin and dopamine can be affected by insufficient levels of selenium. This disruption in neurotransmitter balance can have significant effects on mood and anxiety levels. Decreased levels of serotonin have been linked to an increased susceptibility to anxiety disorders. Low dopamine levels can lead to a lack of motivation and decrease ability to experience pleasure, which can contribute to depression and anxiety. Addressing selenium deficiency is not only crucial for neurological health but also for maintaining the balance of neurotransmitters playing an important role in management of emotional wellbeing and anxiety.
Although selenium deficiency is not the sole cause of anxiety, it definitely plays a role in the complex web of circumstances that contribute to this common mental health issue. As our knowledge and understanding of the relationship between nutrition and mental health expands, addressing deficiency of selenium can be an important step towards managing and preventing anxiety.
